Hattori Hanzō
Hattori Hanzō (服部 半蔵, 1542 – December 23, 1596), also known as Hattori Masanari (服部 正成) was a famous samurai and ninja of the Sengoku era.[1]
Hanzō, the son of Hattori Yasunaga, was born a vassal of the Matsudaira (later Tokugawa) clan, and served Tokugawa Ieyasu; he would later earn the nickname Oni-Hanzō (鬼半蔵 Devil Hanzō) because of the fearless tactics he displayed in his operations. His nickname distinguishes him from another Tokugawa warrior, Watanabe Hanzō, called Yari-Hanzō (槍半蔵 Spear Hanzō).[2]
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Biography
Though Hanzō was born and raised in Mikawa Province, he often returned to Iga Province, home of the Hattori family. He was an extremely skilled swordsman, tactician and spearman. Onmyodo, a Chinese system of divination propagated in Kyoto by Abe no Seimei, had been brought from the capital. The village of Yagyū, along the Kyoto-Nara border, was home to a venerable school of sword technique. The Hōzōin temple in Nara supported a unique school of spear fighting, the Hōzōin-ryū.
Hattori, who fought his first battle at the age of 16, went on to serve at the battles of Anegawa (1570) and Mikatagahara (1572), but his most valuable contribution came in 1582, following Oda Nobunaga's death.
According to a popular legend, a ninja named Fūma Kotarō killed Hanzō in battle. However, actually he died in 1596 at the age of 55 of natural causes.
Legacy
He was succeeded by his 18-year-old son, whose name was also Masanari, though written with different kanji. He was given the title "Iwami-no-Kami" and his men would act as guards of Edo Castle.
To this day, artifacts of Hanzō's legacy remain; the Tokyo Imperial Palace (formerly the shogun's palace) still has a gate called Hanzō's Gate, and the Hanzōmon subway line which runs from central Tokyo to the southwestern suburbs is named after the gate. Hanzō’s remains now rest in the Sainen-ji temple cemetery in Shinjuku, Tokyo. The temple also holds his favorite spears and his ceremonial battle helmet.[3]
In popular culture
As a famous historical figure in one of Japan's greatest periods of samurai culture, Hattori Hanzō has significant cultural resonance among admirers of that culture, both within Japan and abroad. In the modern popular culture he is most often portrayed as involved with the Iga ninja clan.
Many films, specials and series on the life and times of Tokugawa Ieyasu depict the events mentioned above. For example, Hattori Hanzō appears in the novel Fukurō no Shiro (Owl's Castle), later made into two feature films. The actor Sonny Chiba played his role in the V-Cinema series Kage no Gundan (Shadow Warriors). In the 2009 film Goemon, Hanzō appears as a legendary shinobi and has a significant supporting role (played by Susumu Terajima). The life of Hanzō and his service to Tokugawa Ieyasu is fictionalised in the manga series Path of the Assassin. Hanzō also appears in the manga and anime series Basilisk, Gintama, Samurai Deeper Kyo and, together with his clan, in Tail of the Moon. In the manga Tenka Musō, young Hanzō is the main character.
Hanzō appears as a recurring character in the Samurai Shodown video game series, appearing in every game in the series. In World Heroes, another SNK series, Hanzō serves as one of the main characters, and is portrayed as rivals with Fūma Kotarō, also featured in the games (their rivalry is based upon the legend surrounding Hanzō's death).[4] He is also featured in video game series Samurai Warriors, where he is portrayed as a highly skilled ninja, highly loyal to Tokugawa Ieyasu and attributed to the death of many of Ieyasu's rivals, including Imagawa Yoshimoto, Takeda Shingen, Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Sanada Yukimura, and having an extremely fierce rivalry with Fūma Kotarō. In the first two games of the Gensou Suikoden series, a character named Hanzo is the leader of the hidden ninja village of Rokkaku. Hattori Hanzō is also featured in the games Taikō Risshiden (where he is one of the main characters), Kessen III and Civilization IV: Beyond the Sword.
In the film The Machine Girl, the villains (yakuza said to be descendants of ninja) state that Hattori Hanzō is their family's name. The manga and anime series Basilisk (as well as its feature film adaptation, Shinobi: Heart Under Blade) features a character named Hattori Kyohachiro as an attendant to the shogun, being the son of the second Hanzō, and adopted son of the fourth Hanzō. Another Hanzō clan's descendant, private investigator Hanpei "Hanpen" Hattori, appears in Android Kikaider. In the film Kill Bill, Sonny Chiba (Hanzō in Shadow Warriors) plays Hattori Hanzō, a master swordsmith who is called upon to create a katana for the film's protagonist; it has been implied that this character is a descendant of the historical figure.[5] In the soap opera Days of Our Lives, one of the main characters, Tony DiMera, claims to have a martial arts mentor by the name of Hanzo Hattori.
In the franchise Ninja Hattori-kun, the main character Kanzo Hattori's name is a pun on Hanzō; his younger brother is Shinzo Hattori. In the video game series Fatal Fury and The King of Fighters, Mai Shiranui's grandfather is the ninja master Hanzo Shiranui.
See also
- Hattori Masashige
References
Further reading
- Antony Cummins, Hattori Hanzo: The Devil Ninja a Life and Times, Wordclay, 2010
External links
- Hattori Hanzô (Character) at the Internet Movie Database
- Hattori Hanzō at TV Tropes
- Hattori Hanzo - Vintage Ninja
- Badass of the Week: Hattori Hanzo
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